An Introduction to Varieties of Capitalism (Peter Hall)

Abstract: This chapter outlines the theoretical perspective behind a ‘varieties of capitalism approach to comparative political economy, emphasizing the central role of the firm as the agent of economic adjustment and the impact of the relationships it forms in the spheres of corporate governance, labor relations, skill formation, inter-corporate relations, and employerÂâ€"employee relations. It develops the distinction between liberal market economies, where firm endeavours are coordinated primarily by markets, and coordinated market economies, where coordination is more heavily strategic, and explores how the institutional complementarities in these economies give rise to distinctive forms of innovation as well as comparative institutional†¦show more content†¦As any work on this topic must be, ours is deeply indebted to prior scholarship in the field. The ‘varieties of capitalism approach developed here can be seen as an effort to go beyond three perspectives on institutional variation that have dominated the study of comparative capitalism in the preceding thirty years. 2 2 Of necessity, this summary is brief and slightly stylized. As a result, it does not do full justice to the variety of analyses found within these literatures and neglects some discussions that fall outside them. Note that some of our own prior work can be said to fall within them. For more extensive reviews, see Hall (1999, 2001). In important respects, like ours, each of these perspectives was a response to the economic problems of its time. The first of these perspectives offers a modernization approach to comparative capitalism nicely elucidated in Shonfields magisterial treatise of 1965. Devised in the post-war decades, this approach saw the principal challenge confronting the developed economies as one of modernizing industries still dominated by pre-war practices in order to secure high rates of national growth. Analysts tried to identify a set of actors with the strategic capacity to devise plans for industry and to impress them on specific sectors. Occasionally, this capacity was said to reside in the banks but more often in public officials.Show MoreRelatedComparative Critique Of Comparative Capitalism1214 Words   |  5 PagesCOMPARATIVE CAPITALISM Case Study #4: Comparative Capitalism Florence F. Messi St Thomas University Miami Gardens, Florida Abstract The Merriam-Wester dictionary defines capitalism as an economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods, by investments that are determined by private decision, and by prices, production, and the distribution of goods that are determined mainly by competition in a free market. (2015). However for an ideal capitalism to fully operateRead More Varieties of Capitalism Essay2378 Words   |  10 PagesIntroduction Due to the rapid process of globalization, the issue of whether socio-economic institutions and policies are converging or diverging across different nations has become controversial. Various literatures on comparative institutional studies has been developed, in which the Varieties of Capitalism approach by Hall and Soskice (2001) is one of the most significant concepts that is being widely discussed. According to Hall and Thelen (2005), the ‘varieties of capitalism’ is a firm-centeredRead MoreCoordinated Market Economy17621 Words   |  71 Pages04/5 Varieties of Capitalism and Institutional Complementarities in the Macroeconomy An Empirical Analysis Peter A. Hall and Daniel W. Gingerich Peter A. Hall is Krupp Foundation Professor of European Studies and the Director of the Minda de Gunzburg Center for European Studies at Harvard University. Daniel W. Gingerich is a Graduate Associate of the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs and a Ph. D. candidate in the Department of Government at Harvard University. Peter A. Hall phall@fasRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The War 1264 Words   |  6 Pagess Al-Hussein Yuqtal Min Jadid presents an interaction and an opposition between some inauthentic Western imported capitalist values and authentic historically rooted ethics. He portrays the moral codes of some modern-day businessmen to represent capitalism and industrialization, and measures them against history as a necessary horizon for understanding and reforming the present. His play thus tries to forge a new Arab/Muslim identity that integrates history with modernity. GenerallyRead More Philosophers of the Age of Enlightenment Essay examples1477 Words   |  6 Pagesan awareness of categorical imperative. Categorical imperative would be the inner command to act in every situations as everyone else would. Adam Smith wrote on economies. He was one of the most influential philosophers, and his ideas lead to capitalism. He believed that â€Å"economic liberty was the foundation of a natural economic system† (Kagan, 603) He is usually regarded as the founder of laissez-faire economic thought and policy. In his masterpiece, Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of theRead MoreResponsible Enterprise And How It Effects Almost Every Business1599 Words   |  7 Pages1.0 Introduction The aim of this report is to using academic literature examine responsible enterprise and how it effects nearly every business, firstly in this essay the report will begin with an definition on what responsible enterprise is and what it means. Then there will be an analysis of one of the five drivers of responsible enterprise and explain the role in which the government plays a part in boosting responsible enterprise. Finally, this report will conclude with a synthesis of the findingsRead MoreAssigment2156 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Economic system is defined as the basic arrangements made by societies to solve the economic problem. There are three economic systems that classification by degree of government control. The three economic systems are Command Economy System (Socialism). A system where the government, rather than the free market, determines what goods should be produced, how much should be produced and the price at which the goods will be offered for sale. The command economy is a key feature of anyRead Moreâ€Å"Society Is an Arena for Inequality That Generates Conflict and Change.† Discuss This Statement Using Four Well Developed Examples from Within Your Own Society.2161 Words   |  9 PagesOne of the lines of a renowned song that Peter Tosh (1974), famous Jamaican song writer and singer penned was ‘there can be no peace without justice; what we need is equal rights and justice.’ More than thirty years since that song was written, the people in the Jamaican society are still crying out for justice. One might be led to believe that as the general standard of living improves with time, inequality would slowly become less evident. However, although things are improving, evidence of inequalityRead MoreFuture Analysis of Nation State6263 Words   |  26 PagesFuture Analysis of The Nation-State System Introduction: It is common to hear of the threats to the nation-state system in the contemporary world. Such threats seem to originate from many different quarters, at different level of the global system. This impending sense that the nation-state is somehow in â€Å"crisis† led to analyze the question of â€Å"the contemporary crisis of the nation-state?† But before we go into the analysis, it is important to look into the ideas that would help to understandRead MoreDefination of Globalisation12291 Words   |  50 Pages16 49 info@gcsp.ch Dr. Nayef R.F. Al-Rodhan Ambassador Gà ©rard Stoudmann Definitions of Globalization: A Comprehensive Overview and a Proposed Definition Abstract Many authors have attempted, with relative success, to define globalization in a variety of ways. Some claim that it cannot be done, others claim that it would constrain the meaning to do so, and still others have defied these two beliefs and have constructed a working definition. Despite differing opinions about developing a definition

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt ) And A Family Systems...

Mental health professionals recognize that Family Systems Therapy (FT) and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) have had successes as a treatment methodology for individuals who develop eating disorders (Jones, Volker, Lock, Taylor, and Jacobi, 2012; Park, Waller, and Gannon, 2013). In this paper, I compare and contrast an individual approach involving cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and a family systems approach. Definitions and descriptions of studies involving both approaches will be provided, and a comparison will be made. Finally, a discussion of the ethics of both studies will be discussed. Two Approaches to Treatment Individual Approach: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy CBT CBT is defined as a form of mental health based counseling, focusing on errors of cognition and perception. It usually involves a limited number of individual outpatient sessions (Park et al., 2013). This form of therapy, â€Å"helps you become aware of inaccurate or negative thinking, so you can view challenging situations more clearly and respond to them in a more effective way,† (â€Å"Cognitive behavioral therapy†, 2014, para. 1). Family Systems Therapy (FT) Family Systems approach is another form of psychotherapy that treats the entire family unit. It assumes that everyone in the family contributes to the problem, and that change must take place throughout the family system, not just within the individual presenting the eating disorder (â€Å"Family therapy†, 2014, para. 1). This approach helps to,Show MoreRelatedAn Interview With A Social Work Practitioner1243 Words   |  5 Pagesdisorders. She received a clinical training from the Beck Institute in Philadelphia for Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Children and Adolescents. Additionally, she received clinical and research trainings with support from the Annie E. Casey Foundation for Child and Youth Mental Health Interventions at UCLA. She is currently completing training through Marsha Linehan’s Behavioral Tech, LLC for Dialectical Behavior Therapy and Managing Anxiety and Panic for Adolescents (MAP-A). Dr. Anthony’s educationRead MoreCognitive Behavior Therapy1349 Words   |  6 PagesCognitive Behavior Therapy Developed by Dr. Aaron T. Beck,  Cognitive Therapy (CT), or Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), is a form of psychotherapy in which the therapist and the client work together as a team to identify and solve problems. Therapists help clients to overcome their difficulties by changing their thinking, behavior, and emotional responses. A System of Psychotherapy Cognitive therapy is a comprehensive system of psychotherapy, and treatment is based on an elaborated and empiricallyRead Morebshs 455 week 4 lt outline treatment approaches Essay839 Words   |  4 Pagessubstance abuse. The approaches that are being looked at to help someone recover is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET), Medication Management, Community Reinforcement Approach (CRA), and Community Reinforcement and Family Training Approach (CRAFT). Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Cognitive behavioral; therapy (CBT) was developed as an aide to prevent relapse when treating addiction. CBT is based on the principle that the learning process is important in dealing withRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt )937 Words   |  4 PagesFirst and foremost, what is cognitive behavioral therapy? The Mayo Clinic website defines cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) as a common type of psychotherapy, talk therapy, wherein the individual seeking therapy works with a mental health counselor in a structured way for a prescribed set of meeting. (web citation) CBT is a goal oriented therapeutic approach which allows the individual in therapy to identify troubling situations or conditions in their life; allows the individual to become awareRead MoreThe Importance Of A Theoretical Orientation On Substance Abuse And Co Occurring Personality Disorders1750 Words   |  7 Pageswith individuals, families, and treatment groups. One of the main reasons for a theoretical orientati on is because it gives the social worker a framework of reference to understand the therapeutic needs of the client. It provides the social worker with a theory-based framework for generating hypotheses about the client’s experience and behaviors, which in turn helps prepare the basis for a specific treatment intervention. This paper will discuss how cognitive-behavioral therapy used the most withRead MoreDuring adolescents, there is an increased vulnerability for depression due to biological,1100 Words   |  5 Pagesis an increased vulnerability for depression due to biological, cognitive, and socio-environmental changes. For this paper, I will be discussing Scarlet, a 16 year old Hispanic female whose parents have divorced two years ago, and because of that Scarlet has been displaying symptoms of Persistent Depressive Disorder and Oppositional and Defiant Disorder. This paper will review literature which supports Cognitive Behavioral Therapy as being an effective form of treatment for depression with adolescentsRead MoreTrauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy1560 Words   |  7 Pagesthat can be long lasting, and very serious... Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is parts -based psychosocial treatment model that includes elements of cognitive-behavioral, attachment, humanis tic, empowerment, and family therapy models (insert citation0. It includes several primary components designed to be adaptable to focus on the needs of each child and their family. There is solid scientific data that this therapy works in children, treating trauma symptoms in adolescents, andRead MoreTrauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy1720 Words   |  7 Pagessymptoms (Cohen, Mannarino Iyengar, 2011). Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is basically a conjoint parent and child psychotherapy approach for kids and teenagers who are undergoing significant behavioral and emotional difficulties pertaining to traumatic life events (Jensen et al., 2014). In essence, it is a components-based treatment model incorporating trauma-sensitive interventions with family, cognitive behavioral, as well as humanistic techniques and principles. ParentsRead MoreMedical Health Promotion And Disease Prevention Plan1467 Words   |  6 PagesNUR 609 : Application of Theory Guidelines Yi Duan Low SUNY Upstate Medical University NURS 609 Family Psychiatric and Mental health Theory Professor: Prof. Patricia Powers Introduction The nationwide health promotion and disease prevention plan, Healthy People 2020, recognizes that mental health promotion and mental health reduction as one of the most significant health objectives. Statistic indicated that mental health disorders are the leading cause of disability in United States and CanadaRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt ) Essay935 Words   |  4 PagesCognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a therapeutic approach that is based on a combination of cognitive and behavioral therapy. CBT focuses on how a person’s distorted thought process and inaccurate belief system influences their mood and behaviors. Once it can be identified, the blended therapy aims to change a person’s thinking to be more adaptive and healthy, which will lead to change unhealthy behavior patterns (National Institute of Mental Health, 2015). This type of psychotherapy has been

Existential Psychology and Humanistic Approach Use in Modern Perspective Free Essays

Extistencail psychology amp; humanistic approach (personality) Use in modern perspective Focus on how it relates to happiness Difference: humanist + side of human Est related to sex and aggression. Which statement about Freud’s theory of personality is FALSE? The most important aspects of personally development are finished by age 6 The ego continues to develop as you grow The id is present at birth The ego must balance the demands of the id and super-ego The id is entirely unconscious. The ego is entirely conscious Difference: ego amp; super ego Ego: the eye since of self, intelligence ore rational Super ego: (over-eye) develop early on Demand of your culture, what your culture (good boy or girl) should or shouldn’t do. We will write a custom essay sample on Existential Psychology and Humanistic Approach: Use in Modern Perspective or any similar topic only for you Order Now Ex: good person won’t have sex In this defense mechanism, an individual acts in a manner opposite to their true desires or motives. Displacement You displace your anger on something or someone else Projection Instead of admitingit to yourself you accuse everyone else of it Reaction formation Regression Using a baby talk Denial Act as if something isn’t happening * Defense machanism do exist. He’s probably wrong about ppl use it by unciounsious * There are many reasons that contribute to our attraction to others. One of the best predictors in selecting and developing interpersonal and romantic relationships is Mere exposure effect Is why proximity is such a good predictor Just seeing them won’t influence it as much as the other one Personality characteristics Commonalities in parental behavior Physical proximity How close u live to each other They are there and you get to know them, b/c they live close to you What is familiar is more appealing then what isn’t Age Defense mechanisms are enated by The id The ego The super-ego Both the ego and the super ego Both the id and the super-ego In _________love we experience feelings of euphoria, intimacy, and intense sexual attraction, in ________love, we experience affection, trust, and concern, for a partner’s well-being. Passionate; companionate Companionate deals w/ oxitocen Passionate deals w/ dopamine (like w/ drugs) Research has consistently demonstrated five core components of personality. Which of the following is not one of the Big Five personality tratis? Agreeableness Extraversion + to neutral? Openness to experience Narcissism – to neutral? Bamp;C Which of the big 5 is associated w/ school and work success? (along w/ predicting IQ) Consciousness What do obedience to authority and a tendency to reciprocate other’s favors have in common? Norms (unwritten standards for behavior or how ppl will react to one other) Differ from culture to culture No one is going to sit u down amp; tell you Ex: you will obey an officer (or ppl in position of authority) When your friend does really well on a test, he says it’s b/c he is smart. If he fails, he says it’s b/c the test was really hard. This is an ex of which of the following? Extraversion Denial Sublimation Self-serving bias We have a general good look of our self Look at outside reason why we didn’t do so well. repression The tendency for ppl to engage in ____________ explains why some ppl prefer negative evaluation over positive ones and also seek mate who view them poorly. Self-verification Get info from ppl around us Deosn’t change a lot over time We seek ppl out who confirm w/ our own thoughts Self denial Self actualization Self serving bias Self report * * _____________ persuasion is a type of persuasion that involves a chang in attitudes or beliefs that is brought about by appeals to habit or emotion. Systematic Heuristic Habbits amp; emotion Happy, joy Non-systematic Logic amp; reason (opposite of heuristic) Ppl take their time (ppl are spending a lot of $) Inferential Residual The Lexical Hypothsis suggested that: Language will have many words for very important personality traits. Language will have few words for the very important personality traits Some cultures do not believe in the idea of stable personality traits. Some cultures do believe in the idea of stable personality traits. Which of the following statements about personality traits is NOT true? Traits allow us to predict behavior in specific situations. Only over time, not in situations Intelligence is not a personalilty trait According to the ___________ ppl aggress when their goals are thwarted. Pleasure principle Frustration-agression Drive principle Motivation principle Aggression-motivation hypothesis As cover in class the humanistic perspective on personality and motivation suggests that there are 3 b Automomy relatedness Competence Dominance Milgrams famous obedience study reveals that about ______% of participants delivered the max level of shock. 15% 25% 50% 65% 95% top sooner if they had to touch the learner being closer to the learner personality traits matter too often ppl who didn’t car about what ppl thought about them being taught by parents/ even if you are told to do something it wasn’t ok to hurt some one ppl who had a strong need to be approved of they were more likely to continue Researches have discovered a gene associated w/ serotonin ava ilability in th frontal love. This gen is also related to the personality trait of neuroticism The Zimbardo prison study has been cited as an example that: negative situation pressures often outweigh personality traits. When ppl in angry mobs, they may not be awar of their own standards of behavior. This may be due to: Reciprocal altruism Altruism Diffusion of responsibility Doesn’t have to do w/ being aware of yourself This is in the ex of who is going to come forth to do the work When someone needs help amp; it isn’t clear if it’s a emergency When there is a crowd amp;ppl act like it’s fine then u assume it’s fine too When u are by yourself, u don’t have reference of others so u r more likely to help Deindividuation Group polarization In _________ an individual’s experience of the environment is shaped y unintentional effects of their personality on others. Situation selection Manipulation When we do it intension to manipulate others to get what we want Evocation Unintentional effect ppl respond to b/c of ur personality Passive correlation Spent a lot of ppl who have the same gene as you so it’s hard to pull apart Self-serving bias In John Gottman’s research on predictors of divorce, couples who remained married showed a ratio of ____ positive interactons for every _____negative interactions 5;1 1;5 2;1 1;2 1;1 * How to cite Existential Psychology and Humanistic Approach: Use in Modern Perspective, Papers

Doll House Essay Feminism Example For Students

Doll House Essay Feminism The play, A Doll’s House 1879 by Henrik Ibsen (1828-1906), depicts the different times in the ending decade of the 19th century. Today we still see similar situations and conflicts in our society. In the following essay I plan to reflect on the conflicts and situations in society in its comparison the play A Dolls House. To begin with, lack of communication is an ongoing p roblem in many marriages today. Communication is a key element for the success in a marriage. As seen, in the play, Nora admits to not having a serious conversation with her husband. â€Å"We’ve been married for eight years. Does it occur to you that this is the first time that we two, you and I, man and wife, have ever had a serious talk together† (p.1343)? Second, women leaving men in order to find themselves is more common today than it was in the early 19th century. As you can see it was occurring then but it wasn’t as common. A prime example is when Nora tells Helmer she wants to leave him, â€Å"I must stand on my own feet if I am to find out the truth about myself and about life. So I can’t go on living here with you any longer â€Å"(p. 1344).Last of all, the economic situations and conflicts were almost the same if not the same as today. Throughout the years economic situations and conflicts change very seldom. In the play Helmer expresses his feelings towards his economic situation. â€Å"Yes, it’s a wonderful thing to know that one’s position is assured and that one has an ample income. Don’t you agree? It’s good to know that, isn’t it?†(p.1300)? As you can see Helmer is content with economic situation and it seems as is that was something that had been bothering him. Bibliography: